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| Computer Software |
There are two general categories of software:
operating systems and application software.
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| system software |
Single tasking: A single tasking operating system is capable of running only one program at a time. The computer devotes all its hardware resources and CPU time to each program as it executes. MS-DOS is an example of a single tasking operating system.
Multitasking: A multitasking operating system is capable of running multiple programsat once. Through a technique called time sharing, the system divides the allocation of hardware resources and the attention of the
CPU among all the executing programs. UNIX, Windows XP, and Windows Vista are multitasking operating systems.
In addition, operating systems fall into one of the following categories, which describe the number of users they can accommodate.
Single user: This type of system allows only one user to operate the computer at a
time. MS-DOS and older versions of Windows are single user operating systems.
Multiuser: Multiuser systems allow several users to run programs and operate the
computer at once. Most variations of the UNIX operating system are multiuser systems.
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| application software |
programs solve specific problems or perform general operations that satisfy the needs of
the user. Word processing, spreadsheet, and database programs are all examples of application
software.
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